Project – The power of elders in the development of the Church in Anglican in Rwanda.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

• Background to the Study

The role of elders in the development of the Anglican Church in Rwanda is a multifaceted subject that encompasses historical, social, and theological dimensions. Elders, often referred to as lay leaders or church wardens, have played a crucial role in the establishment and growth of the Anglican Church in Rwanda. Historically, the Anglican Church in Rwanda traces its roots back to the early 20th century when missionaries from the Church Missionary Society (CMS) introduced Anglicanism to the region. These missionaries relied heavily on local elders to translate religious texts, conduct services, and manage church affairs, thereby laying the foundation for a robust local church leadership (Karamaga, 2003).

The social influence of elders in the Anglican Church in Rwanda cannot be overstated. Elders often serve as the bridge between the church and the community, leveraging their social standing and respect to foster a sense of unity and purpose. In many Rwandan communities, elders are seen as custodians of wisdom and tradition, which makes their involvement in church activities particularly impactful. Their ability to mobilize community resources and mediate conflicts has been instrumental in the church’s efforts to address social issues such as poverty, education, and healthcare (Gatwa, 2005).

Theologically, the role of elders in the Anglican Church in Rwanda is deeply rooted in the biblical concept of eldership. The New Testament, particularly in the books of Timothy and Titus, outlines the qualifications and responsibilities of elders, emphasizing their role in teaching, governance, and pastoral care. In the Rwandan context, these biblical principles have been adapted to fit the local culture, where elders are not only spiritual leaders but also moral and ethical guides. This dual role has helped the church maintain its relevance and authority in a rapidly changing society (Byaruhanga, 2010).

The post-genocide era in Rwanda presented unique challenges and opportunities for the Anglican Church, and elders played a pivotal role in the church’s response to these challenges. In the aftermath of the 1994 genocide, the church was faced with the daunting task of reconciliation and rebuilding. Elders were at the forefront of these efforts, using their influence to promote forgiveness, healing, and social cohesion. Their leadership was crucial in initiatives such as trauma counseling, peacebuilding workshops, and community development projects, which have been essential in the nation’s recovery process (Karamaga, 2003).

In recent years, the Anglican Church in Rwanda has continued to evolve, and the role of elders has expanded to include new responsibilities. With the advent of modern technology and globalization, elders are now involved in digital evangelism, online education, and international partnerships. These new roles require a different set of skills and knowledge, and the church has invested in training programs to equip elders for these challenges. This ongoing adaptation underscores the dynamic nature of eldership in the Anglican Church in Rwanda and its critical importance in the church’s mission and growth (Gatwa, 2005).

The power of elders in the development of the Anglican Church in Rwanda is a testament to their enduring influence and adaptability. From the early days of missionary work to the present, elders have been indispensable in translating the church’s mission into tangible actions that benefit the community. Their roles as spiritual leaders, social influencers, and agents of change have made them pillars of the church’s development. As the church continues to navigate the complexities of the modern world, the wisdom and leadership of elders will remain a cornerstone of its success (Byaruhanga, 2010).

1.2. Statement of the Problem

The power of elders in the development of the Anglican Church in Rwanda is a critical area of study that highlights the intersection of tradition, leadership, and community dynamics. Elders in the Anglican Church hold significant influence, often serving as the bridge between the church’s historical roots and its contemporary practices. This influence is not merely ceremonial; it encompasses decision-making, spiritual guidance, and the implementation of church policies. Understanding the extent and nature of this power is essential for comprehending how the church evolves and adapts to changing social and cultural landscapes in Rwanda.

One of the primary issues in examining the power of elders is the balance between tradition and modernity. Elders are often seen as custodians of tradition, ensuring that the church remains true to its historical doctrines and practices. However, this role can sometimes be at odds with the need for the church to address contemporary issues and attract younger generations. The tension between maintaining traditional values and embracing modernity is a significant problem that the Anglican Church in Rwanda must navigate, with elders playing a pivotal role in this process.

Another problem is the potential for power imbalances within the church hierarchy. Elders, by virtue of their experience and status, can wield considerable influence over church decisions. This concentration of power can lead to issues of governance and accountability, particularly if the elders’ decisions are not in line with the broader congregation’s needs and aspirations. Ensuring that the power of elders is exercised in a manner that is transparent and inclusive is a critical challenge for the church.

The role of elders also intersects with gender dynamics within the church. Traditionally, elder roles have been predominantly male, which can perpetuate gender inequalities within the church’s leadership structure. Addressing this imbalance is crucial for the church’s development, as it seeks to be more inclusive and representative of its entire congregation. The power of elders, therefore, must be examined not only in terms of their influence but also in how it is distributed across different demographics within the church.

Furthermore, the socio-political context of Rwanda adds another layer of complexity to the power of elders in the Anglican Church. Rwanda’s history, marked by conflict and reconciliation, has shaped the church’s role in society. Elders often play a key role in community healing and reconciliation efforts, leveraging their authority to foster peace and unity. However, this role also places them in a delicate position, as they must navigate the political landscape while maintaining the church’s spiritual mission.

Finally, the power of elders in the Anglican Church in Rwanda must be understood in the context of global Anglicanism. The Anglican Communion is a worldwide family of churches, and the dynamics within the Rwandan church are influenced by broader theological and ecclesiastical trends. Elders in Rwanda must therefore balance local traditions and needs with the expectations and doctrines of the global Anglican community. This balancing act is a significant challenge, requiring wisdom, diplomacy, and a deep understanding of both local and global contexts.

The power of elders in the development of the Anglican Church in Rwanda is a complex and multifaceted issue. It involves balancing tradition and modernity, addressing power imbalances and gender dynamics, navigating socio-political contexts, and aligning with global Anglican trends. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for the church’s development and its ability to serve its congregation effectively.

1.3. Aim and Objectives of the Study

The aim of the study is to examine the power of elders in the development of the Church in Anglican in Rwanda. The specific objectives are:

1. To examine the role of elders in the Anglican Church in Rwanda.
2. To assess the influence of elders on the development and growth of the Church.
3. To explore the traditional and cultural significance of elders within the Church community.
4. To analyze the impact of elders’ leadership and decision-making on the Church’s progress.

1.4. Research Questions

The research questions are buttressed below:

1. What is the role of elders in the Anglican Church in Rwanda?
2. How do elders influence the development and growth of the Church?
3. What is the traditional and cultural significance of elders within the Church community?
4. How does elders’ leadership and decision-making impact the Church’s progress?

1.5. Research Hypothesis

The hypothetical statement of the study is buttressed below:

Ho: Elders have no significant influence on the development and growth of the Church

H1: Elders have significant influence on the development and growth of the Church

1.6. Significance of the Study

The study of the power of elders in the development of the Anglican Church in Rwanda holds significant importance for several reasons. Firstly, it provides a historical perspective on how the Church has evolved over time, particularly in the context of Rwandan society. Elders have traditionally held a place of respect and authority in many African cultures, and understanding their role within the Anglican Church can offer insights into how religious and cultural practices have intertwined to shape the Church’s growth and influence. This historical context is crucial for comprehending the current dynamics within the Church and its community.

Secondly, examining the role of elders can shed light on the governance and leadership structures within the Anglican Church in Rwanda. Elders often serve as key decision-makers and influencers, guiding the spiritual and administrative directions of their congregations. By studying their impact, one can gain a better understanding of how leadership is exercised and how it affects the Church’s ability to address the needs of its members. This can also highlight the ways in which traditional leadership roles have been adapted or maintained within a modern religious institution.

Furthermore, the study can explore the social and community-building functions of elders within the Church. Elders often act as mediators, counselors, and role models, fostering a sense of unity and continuity within the congregation. Their involvement can be pivotal in community outreach and social services, which are essential aspects of the Church’s mission. Understanding the contributions of elders in these areas can provide valuable insights into the Church’s social impact and its role in promoting social cohesion and support networks within Rwandan society.

In addition, the study can contribute to the broader discourse on the role of indigenous leadership in global religious movements. The Anglican Church, being part of a worldwide communion, often reflects a blend of local and global influences. By focusing on the Rwandan context, the study can highlight how local traditions and leadership styles have influenced the Church’s development and how these, in turn, contribute to the global Anglican identity. This can offer a nuanced perspective on the interplay between local cultures and global religious practices.

Moreover, the study can have practical implications for the Church’s future development strategies. By understanding the strengths and challenges associated with the role of elders, Church leaders and policymakers can make informed decisions about training, support, and succession planning for these key figures. This can help ensure that the Church remains resilient and responsive to the needs of its members, while also preserving the valuable contributions of its elder leaders.

Lastly, the study can serve as a resource for other religious and community organizations looking to understand the role of elders in leadership and development. The findings can provide a model for how traditional leadership roles can be integrated into modern organizational structures, offering lessons that can be applied in various contexts. This can foster a greater appreciation for the wisdom and experience of elders, encouraging their active participation in community and religious life.

1.7. Scope of the Study

The study examines the power of elders in the development of the Church in Anglican in Rwanda. The study is limited to selected Pentecostal Churches in Kigali.

1.8. Operational Definition of Terms

Power: Power refers to the ability or capacity to influence or control the behavior of others, the course of events, or the allocation of resources. In a social or organizational context, power can manifest through authority, leadership, or the ability to mobilize people and resources to achieve specific goals.

Elders: Elders are typically older, respected members of a community or organization who are often seen as wise and experienced. In many religious and cultural contexts, elders hold positions of authority and are entrusted with guiding, advising, and making important decisions for the group.

Development: Development refers to the process of growth, progress, or improvement in a particular area. This can include physical, economic, social, or organizational advancements. In the context of an organization or community, development often involves strategic planning, capacity building, and the implementation of initiatives aimed at achieving long-term goals.

Church: A church is a building used for public Christian worship, but it also refers to the community of believers who gather for religious practices and fellowship. The term can also denote the organized institution of Christianity, encompassing its doctrines, clergy, and laity.

Anglican: Anglican refers to anything related to the Church of England or its affiliated churches worldwide. The Anglican Communion is a global family of churches that are in full communion with the See of Canterbury. Anglicanism is characterized by a blend of Reformed and Catholic traditions, with an emphasis on liturgy, the sacraments, and the authority of scripture and tradition.

Project – The power of elders in the development of the Church in Anglican in Rwanda.