Project – IMPACT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION ON SELF- EMPLOYMENT AMONG BUSINESS EDUCATION GRADUATES IN NSUKKA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA
ABSTRACT
The study examines Impact of entrepreneurship education on self- employment among business education graduates in Nsukka Local Government Area. Specific objectives are; To find out if entrepreneurial education has been a useful tool for reducing unemployment in Nigeria, To ascertain if there is compulsory entrepreneurial education for all students in Nigerian higher institutions and To find out if the available entrepreneurship education in institution can stimulate entrepreneurship skills in future graduates. In the methodology, data used for the study was gathered through primary sources (questionnaire). Sampling technique was used to select 200 students from the entire population of 300 and 400 students of Nsukka Local Government Area. The data to be obtained out there in the field shall be presented in a tabular form and analyzed through the use of a mean and standard deviation. However, the statistical took employed to test the earlier stated hypotheses study is chi-squared. Findings from the study revealed that, Lack of educational centers for learning and improving issues within entrepreneurship – like knowledge and information about different markets – seems to be a significant reason for the lower motivation of Nsukka Local Government Area students. Nigeria’s educational system will continue to fail, as long as long as more focus is put on how many schools are built, than the effectiveness of the schools being built.The outcome of this study will bring to the fore the crucial need for entrepreneurial education in Nigeria, putting more consideration on the educational system, strategies and its eventual social developmental effect in the society.
Table of Contents
1.2 STATEMENT OF RESEARCH PROBLEM.. 5
1.3 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF STUDY. 6
1.5 STATEMENT OF RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS. 7
2.1 UNEMPLOYMENT IN NIGERIA. 11
2.2 ENTREPRENEURIAL EDUCATION AND ITS CONSEQUENCE IN NIGERIAN ECONOMY 16
2.3 WHO IS AN ENTREPRENEUR?. 17
2.4 OBJECTIVES OF ENTREPRENEURIAL EDUCATION.. 18
2.5 ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN HIGHER EDUCATION IS CRITICAL TO.. 19
2.6 WORLDVIEW ON THE ISSUE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND HIGHEREDUCATION 25
POPULATION OF THE STUDY AND METHOD OF POPULATION DETERMINATION 31
SAMPLE AND SAMPLE SIZE DETERMINATION.. 32
3.4 METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION AND DATA SOURCES. 32
3.5 INSTRUMENT DEVELOPMENT. 32
INSTRUMENT RELIABILITY TEST. 34
3.8 METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS AND STATISTICAL TOOL. 35
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS. 38
4.1 ANALYSIS OF THE DEMOGRAPHICS OF THE RESPONDENTS. 38
4.2 ANALYSIS OF THE RESEARCH QUESTIONS. 40
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS. 46
QUESTIONNAIRE ADMINISTRATION.. 57
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
The activities of entrepreneurial education in the empowerment of students in Nigeria have increased overtime. Gone are those days during the era of oil-boom back in the 1970s when a graduate gets easily absorbed into any available job vacancies. But all these changed in the mid-1980s, with worldwide depression and significant depression in the Nigeria’s economy. This resulted in unemployment around the world, most especially developing countries such as Nigeria.
The outcome of the high rate of unemployment was social vices like armed robbery and kidnapping for ransom. More recent is the global economic meltdown that led to student and graduate unemployment to hit the roof. In this regards, various governmental and non-governmental organizations have initiated policies through support agencies such as National Directorate for Employment (NDE), the National Poverty Eradication Programme (NAPEP), Small Medium Enterprises Development Agency (SMEDAN), National Office for Technology Acquisition and Promotion (NOTAP), Raw Materials and Development Council (RMRDC) among others to address the problems of unemployment among Nigerian citizens (Olayinka 2010, Emmanuel 2012, Akluemonkhan, Raimi and Sofoluwe 2013).
The aim of these programmes, agencies and councils was with the belief that the development of self-employment and small enterprise initiatives would unlock the economic potentials of the people increase the capacity to empower and equip individuals in society to participate and benefit from their national economy as well as facilitates economic development which forms the bases for transformation (Ekpo and Edet 2011 in Babatunde and Babatunde 2014). Admittedly, in line with the National Productively Day of 21st February, 1991 theme of “Productivity for Self- employment and Excellence”, the Nigeria government introduced entrepreneurship education in schools as a pathway to stimulate self-sufficiency, self-sustainability and self-support culture in students.
The aim is to ensure graduates take advantage of personal resourcefulness to be self-employed. This is because entrepreneurship concerns the persistent pursuit of opportunities to create wealth through innovative creation of a product or service that meets customers’ needs, using score resources in a way that results in a growth enterprise which satisfies the expectation of stakeholders whose roles sustain the business. Entrepreneurship education provides knowledge, skills attitude and motivation to students for entrepreneurial success in any setting. It equips people with the ability to seek investment opportunities (Azonuche and Umeri, 2012). The study in this regard wishes to examine Impact of entrepreneurship education on self- employment among business education graduates in Nsukka Local Government Area among student in Enugu state.
1.2 STATEMENT OF RESEARCH PROBLEM
What really instigated the study on Impact of entrepreneurship education on self- employment among business education graduates in Nsukka Local Government Area among student in Enugu state was as a result of high crime rate and unemployment in Enugu state. The rate of unemployment has significantly affected the socio-economic well being of the student in Nigeria (Okon, 2004). Most research has been done on entrepreneurial education but just very few have been done on entrepreneurial education and self- employment in Nigeria.
Previous studies have failed to identify the causes of poor self- employment among students in Nigeria; the effect is seen mostly among graduates in Nigeria.
1.3 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF STUDY
The main aim of the research is to examine Impact of entrepreneurship education on self- employment among business education graduates in Nsukka Local Government Area. Other specific objectives of the study include:
- to examine the relationship between entrepreneurial education and self- employment
- to determine the effect of entrepreneurial education on well being of students in Enugu State
- to determine the contribution of entrepreneurial education to skills acquisition and reduction of unemployment among students in Enugu State.
- to investigate on the factors affecting self- employment and the actualization of entrepreneurial education in Enugu State.
- to proffer solution to the above stated problem
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The study came up with research questions so as to be able to ascertain the above stated objectives. The research questions for the study are stated below as follows:
- What is the relationship between entrepreneurial education and self- employment?
- What is the effect of entrepreneurial education on well being of students in Enugu State?
- What are the contribution of entrepreneurial education to skills acquisition and reduction of unemployment among students in Enugu State?
- What are the factors affecting self- employment and the actualization of entrepreneurial education in Enugu State?
1.5 STATEMENT OF RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
H0: Entrepreneurial education does not influence self- employment among students in Enugu State
H1: Entrepreneurial education influences self- employment among students in Enugu State
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
The significance of this study brings to the fore the crucial need for Impact of entrepreneurship education on self- employment among business education graduates in Nsukka Local Government Area in Enugu State and Nigeria as a whole, putting more consideration on the educational system, strategies and its eventual social developmental effect in the society.
The study highlights the problems of the level of education in the country and its equivalence to level of poverty in the society by virtue of lack of employment or knowledge of how to startup businesses; the resultant effect of which is a society that breeds healthy partnership and motivation, impacting on the development in the nation.
However, the contribution of this research work to knowledge identifies what is important to the students and the economy of Nigeria, which is qualitative entrepreneurial education focused on the needs of the students especially during this period of unemployment, rather than the resolution of the United Nations to increase budgetary details, increasing the people that go through school. This is not the study on Impact of entrepreneurship education on self- employment among business education graduates in Nsukka Local Government Area; however, it contributes to the body of literature on the subject area and brings to light the results in order to ascertain which strategy would eventually work for the students in Enugu state in truly eradicating unemployment in Enugu State and Nigeria.
1.7 SCOPE OF STUDY
The study examines the impact of entrepreneurship education on self- employment among business education graduates in Nsukka Local Government Area, its significance in the stimulation of the entrepreneurship skills in future graduates in order to reduce unemployment in Nigeria. The study considered the undergraduates of the current university teaching system (Nsukka Local Government Area, Enugu State), from third to the final year, assumably those who gained admission into the university in the last three (3) years. The study considers entrepreneurial skills of undergraduate to be relevant because of its immediate impact on the future of Nigeria.
Project – IMPACT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION ON SELF- EMPLOYMENT AMONG BUSINESS EDUCATION GRADUATES IN NSUKKA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA