Project – EVALUATION OF MODERN COMMUNITY POLICING AND SECURITY OF LIFE AND PROPERTY. A CASE STUDY OF IKORODU LGA, LAGOS STATE

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INTRODUCTION

Background to the Study

Community policing is a modern approach to law enforcement that emphasizes proactive problem-solving and community engagement to address the causes of crime, fear of crime, and other community issues. In Nigeria, community policing has been adopted as a strategy to improve security of life and property (Alemika, 2008). Community policing in Nigeria has been successful in reducing crime rates and improving public safety. However, the effectiveness of this approach is still a subject of debate among scholars and practitioners.

A study by Onwubiko (2014) found that community policing in Nigeria has had a positive impact on the security of life and property. The study revealed that community policing has led to a significant reduction in crime rates and an improvement in the quality of life in communities where it has been implemented. Onwubiko (2014) attributes this success to the active involvement of community members in crime prevention and the strengthening of community-police relations.

However, not all studies support these positive findings. A study by Okeshola and Adewale (2013) found that community policing in Nigeria has not been entirely successful in ensuring the security of life and property. The authors argue that this is due to a lack of proper implementation and the persistence of traditional policing methods. They suggest that for community policing to be effective in Nigeria, there needs to be a complete overhaul of the existing policing system.

In addition to these empirical studies, theoretical analyses also provide insights into the effectiveness of community policing in Nigeria. Alemika (2008) argues that the success of community policing in Nigeria is contingent on the socio-political context and the level of community involvement. He suggests that community policing can only be effective if it is rooted in the community and if community members are actively involved in its implementation.

Despite these challenges, there are ongoing efforts to improve the implementation of community policing in Nigeria. The Nigerian Police Force has launched several initiatives aimed at strengthening community policing, such as the Community Policing Officers Scheme and the Police Community Relations Committee (PCRC) (Alemika, 2008). These initiatives aim to enhance community involvement in policing and to improve police-community relations.

The evaluation of modern community policing and the security of life and property in Nigeria is a complex issue. While some studies suggest that community policing has been successful in improving security, others argue that its effectiveness is limited due to implementation challenges. Further research is needed to fully understand the impact of community policing on the security of life and property in Nigeria.

Statement of the Problem

The problem of community policing and security of life and property in Nigeria is a multifaceted issue that has been the subject of much debate and research. The Nigerian Police Force, despite its efforts to implement modern community policing strategies, continues to face significant challenges in ensuring the safety and security of citizens (Alemika, 2009).

One of the main issues is the lack of trust and cooperation between the police and the communities they serve. This is largely due to a history of police brutality, corruption, and ineffectiveness, which has led to a widespread perception of the police as a threat rather than a source of protection (Hills, 2008). This lack of trust hinders the effective implementation of community policing strategies, as these strategies rely heavily on community involvement and cooperation.

Another significant problem is the lack of resources and training for the police force. Despite the adoption of modern community policing strategies, many police officers lack the necessary training and resources to effectively carry out these strategies (Akinlabi, 2012). This results in a gap between policy and practice, with the intended benefits of community policing not being fully realized.

Furthermore, the issue of insecurity and crime in Nigeria is exacerbated by socio-economic factors such as poverty, unemployment, and inequality. These factors contribute to high crime rates and pose significant challenges to the effective implementation of community policing strategies (Ikelegbe, 2005).

The problem is further complicated by the diverse cultural, ethnic, and religious composition of Nigeria. This diversity, while a strength in many respects, can also pose challenges to the implementation of a uniform community policing strategy across the country (Okiro, 2007).

The problem of community policing and security of life and property in Nigeria is a complex issue that requires a multifaceted approach. It involves addressing not only the issues within the police force itself, but also the broader socio-economic and cultural factors that contribute to insecurity and crime in the country.

Purpose of the Study

The purpose of the study is to evaluate modern Community Policing and Security of life and Property. The specific objectives of the study are:

1. To critically evaluate the effectiveness of modern community policing in ensuring the security of life and property.
2. To examine the relationship between community policing and the level of crime in various communities.
3. To identify the challenges faced in implementing modern community policing strategies and suggest possible solutions.
4. To determine the impact of community policing on the overall quality of life in the communities.

 Research Questions

The research questions are buttressed below:

1. How effective is modern community policing in ensuring the security of life and property?
2. What is the relationship between community policing and the level of crime in various communities?
3. What are the challenges faced in implementing modern community policing strategies and what are the possible solutions?
4. To what extent will community policing impact the overall quality of life in the communities?

Research Hypotheses

The following hypothetical statements were suggested for the study:

1. H_O: Modern community policing has no significant impact on the security of life and property.

H₁: Modern community policing has significant impact on the security of life and property.

2. Ho: There is no significant relationship between community policing and the level of crime in various communities.

H₁: There is significant relationship between community policing and the level of crime in various communities.

Significance of the Study

The significance of the study on the evaluation of modern community policing and the security of life and property is multi-faceted and far-reaching. The first and foremost significance is the potential to enhance the effectiveness of law enforcement agencies. Modern community policing strategies, such as problem-solving and community engagement, can help police departments to better understand and address the root causes of crime, thereby improving their ability to prevent crime and maintain public safety.

This study can contribute to the development of more effective and efficient policing strategies. By evaluating the effectiveness of current community policing practices, the study can identify areas of strength and weakness, and provide evidence-based recommendations for improvement. This can lead to the development of more targeted and effective policing strategies, which can in turn lead to better use of resources and improved outcomes.

The study can help to strengthen the relationship between the police and the community. Community policing emphasizes the importance of building trust and cooperation between the police and the community. By evaluating the effectiveness of community policing, the study can provide insights into how well this goal is being achieved, and what can be done to further strengthen this relationship.

The study can contribute to the broader discourse on public safety and security. By providing empirical evidence on the effectiveness of community policing, the study can inform policy debates and decision-making on public safety and security issues. This can lead to more informed and effective policies and practices, which can ultimately contribute to the security of life and property.

The study can contribute to the professional development of law enforcement personnel. By providing insights into the effectiveness of community policing, the study can serve as a valuable resource for training and development purposes. This can help to enhance the skills and competencies of law enforcement personnel, thereby improving their ability to serve and protect the community.

Lastly, the study can contribute to the advancement of academic knowledge in the field of criminology and criminal justice. By providing new empirical evidence on the effectiveness of community policing, the study can add to the existing body of literature on this topic, and stimulate further research and scholarly debate. This can ultimately contribute to the development of more robust and nuanced theories and models of community policing.

Scope of the Study

The study will examine “Evaluation of Modern Community Policing and Security of life and Property.” The study intends to restrict the geographical area to Ikorodu LGA, Lagos State.

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Project – EVALUATION OF MODERN COMMUNITY POLICING AND SECURITY OF LIFE AND PROPERTY. A CASE STUDY OF IKORODU LGA, LAGOS STATE