Project – Radio as a vehicle for the promotion of indigenous languages in Nigeria.

ABSTRACT

The study examined radio as a vehicle for the promotion of indigenous languages in Nigeria. A case study of IBC Owerri and Oziza Radio Stations. Four research objectives were adopted for the study, namely: to examine the role of radio in promoting indigenous languages in Nigeria; to assess the effectiveness of radio programs in preserving and promoting indigenous languages in Nigeria; to identify the challenges faced by radio stations in Nigeria in promoting indigenous languages; and to evaluate the impact of radio broadcasts in indigenous languages on the audience’s language use and attitudes. The research design used is the survey design. A simple random sampling method was adopted for the study. A total number of one hundred (100) listeners of IBC Owerri and Oziza Radio Stations. The study recommended that there should be more training for radio personnel in indigenous languages. This would ensure that they are proficient in these languages and can effectively communicate with the audience. The study concluded that Radio play significant role in promoting indigenous languages in Nigeria.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

• Background to the Study

The use of radio as a vehicle for promoting indigenous languages in Nigeria has been a topic of interest for many researchers. According to Akinfeleye (2003), radio has been instrumental in the promotion of indigenous languages in Nigeria since its inception in the 1930s. The author argues that radio, due to its wide reach and accessibility, has the potential to significantly influence language use and attitudes towards indigenous languages. Similarly, Salawu (2005) posits that radio has played a crucial role in the preservation and promotion of indigenous languages, particularly in rural areas where access to other forms of media is limited.

In a study conducted by Ojebode and Oyewo (2010), it was found that radio programs in indigenous languages were highly popular among rural dwellers in Nigeria. The authors argue that this popularity is due to the fact that radio programs in indigenous languages are more relatable and understandable to the local populace. This finding is supported by Ofulue (2011), who found that radio programs in indigenous languages were more effective in disseminating information and promoting behavioral change in rural areas compared to programs in English.

However, despite the potential of radio in promoting indigenous languages, there are several challenges that need to be addressed. According to Akinfeleye (2003), one of the major challenges is the lack of trained broadcasters who can effectively communicate in indigenous languages. This is further compounded by the fact that many indigenous languages in Nigeria are not standardized, making it difficult for broadcasters to use them effectively.

In addition, there is also the issue of language policy. As noted by Bamgbose (2000), the Nigerian government’s language policy, which favors English and a few major languages, has hindered the promotion of many indigenous languages on radio. The author argues that for radio to effectively promote indigenous languages, there needs to be a change in language policy that recognizes and promotes all indigenous languages.

Despite these challenges, there are several initiatives that are aimed at promoting indigenous languages through radio. For instance, the Nigerian Broadcasting Commission (NBC) has mandated that all radio stations in Nigeria must broadcast a certain percentage of their programs in indigenous languages (NBC, 2012). This policy, according to Ofulue (2011), has led to an increase in the number of radio programs in indigenous languages.

Furthermore, while there are challenges in using radio as a vehicle for promoting indigenous languages in Nigeria, the potential benefits are immense. With the right policies and initiatives, radio can play a crucial role in preserving and promoting indigenous languages in Nigeria.

1.2  Statement of the Problem

The problem of language extinction is a global concern, and Nigeria, with its rich linguistic diversity, is not exempted. The country is home to over 500 indigenous languages, many of which are at risk of extinction due to the dominance of English and other major languages (Blench, 2007). The radio, a widely accessible medium, has been underutilized in the promotion of these indigenous languages.

The dominance of English and other major languages in the Nigerian radio broadcasting system is a significant problem. According to Akindele (2011), the majority of radio programs are broadcast in English, which further marginalizes indigenous languages. This dominance not only threatens the survival of these languages but also alienates a significant portion of the population who are not proficient in English.

Another issue is the lack of quality content in indigenous languages on the radio. As noted by Ojebode (2012), many radio stations that do broadcast in indigenous languages often do so with poor quality content, which does not encourage listenership. This lack of quality content further undermines the potential of radio as a vehicle for promoting indigenous languages.

The lack of policy support for the use of indigenous languages in radio broadcasting is another significant problem. Despite the National Broadcasting Commission’s code mandating the use of indigenous languages in broadcasting, implementation has been weak (Adejunmobi, 2004). This lack of policy support undermines the potential of radio as a vehicle for promoting indigenous languages.

Furthermore, there is a lack of research on the effectiveness of radio as a vehicle for promoting indigenous languages in Nigeria. While there are studies on the use of radio for educational purposes (Salawu, 2005), there is a dearth of research specifically on its use for promoting indigenous languages. This lack of research makes it difficult to assess the potential of radio in this regard.

The problem of using radio as a vehicle for promoting indigenous languages in Nigeria is multifaceted. It involves the dominance of major languages, lack of quality content, weak policy support, and a dearth of research. Addressing these issues is crucial for harnessing the potential of radio in promoting Nigeria’s rich linguistic diversity.

• Aim and Objectives of the Study

The aim of the study is to examine Radio as a vehicle for the promotion of indigenous languages in Nigeria. The specific objectives are:

1. To examine the role of radio in promoting indigenous languages in Nigeria.
2. To assess the effectiveness of radio programs in preserving and promoting indigenous languages in Nigeria.
3. To identify the challenges faced by radio stations in Nigeria in promoting indigenous languages.
4. To evaluate the impact of radio broadcasts in indigenous languages on the audience’s language use and attitudes.

1.4. Research Questions

The research questions are buttressed below:

1. What role does radio play in promoting indigenous languages in Nigeria?
2. How effective are radio programs in preserving and promoting indigenous languages in Nigeria?
3. What challenges do radio stations in Nigeria face in promoting indigenous languages?
4. What is the impact of radio broadcasts in indigenous languages on the audience’s language use and attitudes?

1.5. Research Hypothesis

The hypothetical statement of the study is buttressed below:

Ho: Radio does not play any significant role in promoting indigenous languages in Nigeria

H1: Radio play significant role in promoting indigenous languages in Nigeria

1.6. Significance of the Study

The significance of using radio as a vehicle for the promotion of indigenous languages in Nigeria cannot be overstated. Nigeria, a country with over 500 indigenous languages, is a rich tapestry of diverse cultures and traditions. However, many of these languages are at risk of extinction due to the dominance of English, the official language, and other major languages like Hausa, Yoruba, and Igbo. Radio, with its wide reach and accessibility, can play a crucial role in preserving and promoting these indigenous languages.

Firstly, radio is a powerful tool for mass communication. It reaches even the most remote corners of the country, making it an effective medium for promoting indigenous languages. By broadcasting programs in these languages, radio stations can help to ensure their survival and encourage their use in everyday conversation. This can foster a sense of pride and identity among speakers of these languages, and encourage younger generations to learn and use them.

Secondly, radio can serve as an educational tool. Educational programs in indigenous languages can help listeners improve their language skills and learn about their cultural heritage. This can be particularly beneficial for children, who are the future custodians of these languages. By learning their mother tongue at a young age, they can help to ensure its survival for future generations.

Thirdly, radio can help to break down language barriers and promote social cohesion. By broadcasting in indigenous languages, radio stations can reach a wider audience and foster a sense of inclusivity. This can help to bridge the gap between different ethnic groups and promote mutual understanding and respect. It can also help to counter the dominance of English and other major languages, and promote linguistic diversity.

However, the promotion of indigenous languages through radio is not without its challenges. These include a lack of resources, a lack of trained broadcasters, and a lack of interest among younger generations. To overcome these challenges, it is necessary to invest in training and resources, and to develop engaging content that appeals to younger listeners.

The significance of radio as a vehicle for the promotion of indigenous languages in Nigeria is immense. It has the potential to preserve these languages, promote linguistic diversity, and foster social cohesion. However, to realize this potential, it is necessary to overcome the challenges that currently hinder its effectiveness. With the right investment and commitment, radio can play a crucial role in preserving Nigeria’s rich linguistic heritage.

1.7. Scope of the Study

The study examines radio as a vehicle for the promotion of indigenous languages in Nigeria. A case study of IBC Owerri and Oziza Radio Stations.

1.8. Operational Definition of Terms

Radio: This is a technology that uses electromagnetic waves to transmit sound from one place to another without the use of wires. It’s a medium of communication that allows for the broadcast of various content such as news, music, and other forms of entertainment to a wide audience.

Means: This term generally refers to the method or system used to achieve a certain end or goal. In the context of your question, it refers to the tools or methods used to promote indigenous languages.

Promotion: This is the act of raising awareness about something to increase its visibility or popularity. It involves various strategies and techniques aimed at attracting attention and generating interest in the subject being promoted.

Indigenous languages: These are languages that are native to a particular region or country. They are often spoken by the indigenous people of that area. In the context of Nigeria, this would refer to languages such as Yoruba, Igbo, Hausa, and many others that are native to different ethnic groups within the country.

Project – Radio as a vehicle for the promotion of indigenous languages in Nigeria.