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Full Project – Cooperative financing and rural development

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CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

BOA is Nigeria’s premier agricultural and rural development finance institution, 100% wholly owned by the federal government of Nigeria. The ownership structure is Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) 40% and Federal Ministry of Finance Incorporated 60%. Bank of Agriculture Limited is supervised by Federal Ministry of Agriculture. The bank was incorporated as Nigerian Agricultural Bank NAB) in 1973 and in 1978, was renamed Nigerian Agricultural and Cooperative Bank (NACB). Subsequently in 2000, it was merged with the People’s Bank of Nigeria (PBN) and took over the risk assets of Family Economic Advancement Programme (FEAP) to become Nigerian Agricultural Cooperative and Rural Development Bank Limited (NACRDB). A plan to reposition the bank into an effective and sustainable national agricultural and rural development finance institution in 2010 led to a further name change to Bank of Agriculture Limited (BOA).

It is a federal government owned development bank with a mandate to provide low cost credit to small holder and commercial farmers, and small and medium rural enterprises. It also provides micro financing to small and medium scale non agricultural enterprises. The aim is to ensure effective delivery of agricultural and rural finance services on a sustainable basis to support the national economic development agenda, including food security, poverty reduction, employment generation, reduction in rural to urban migration, less dependency on imported food items, and increase in foreign exchange earnings.

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

In Nigeria, the first cooperative movement was formed in 1940, in the former Western Nigeria, today there are so many cooperative societies in the various states and some under the ministry of trade.

A variable instrument for rural development which has been used successfully by many developing countries in rural transportation and which has a fairly long history in Nigeria is cooperative which has performed a wide range of development functions, amongst which is acting as semi-formal finance institutions.

The Genesis of cooperative movement can be traced to the world depression of 1929-30 the major interest of the colonial master in introducing cocoa farmers of the restrictive practice of the middlemen, the high cost of transportation and paucity of credit. The cooperative law was passed. The basic unit of cooperative movement is primary society that is organized at village level. The early cooperatives were primarily marketing societies interest in cocoa marketing. But with development, other types of cooperatives have credit societies.

Thrift and credit societies.
Consumer societies.
Group forming societies.
Multi-purpose cooperative societies more than 90% of all cooperative in the country constitute agricultural cooperatives.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMS

The major problems of cooperative societies is finance. This factor is considered the life span of any organization and the smooth and proper running of an organization of firm.

Hence, it (finance) embraces all others problem of cooperative where there is inadequate finance. The running and operation of organization and form are bound to be jeopardized. Lack of education of member’s numbers on cooperative business. This is a very big problem facing cooperative because majority of members are not educated. Hence with their little or no knowledge they cannot be able to achieve a goal in terms of proper planning and administration of duties.

Inefficient management as one of the problem is also as a result of lack of education and fund respectively. This is because people who should have been educated lack the funds in use in carrying out their academic pursuit. This considering the high cost of education.

Inadequate infrastructure, in many places it is well known that cooperative should provide good offices and equipment for their various operation but unlike the developing countries like ours. In Nigeria the reverse is the case.

1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

To access the role of cooperation in the development of rural economy.
To know the sources of their financing through determining the functions it performs.
To enlighten cooperative societies.
To identify the achievement of the cooperatives societies whether it actually brings about economic growth and rural development for the people in that area.

1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

Cooperative societies have been most successful in the area were people with tradition tendencies for collective works like caring and rural agriculture. This study will identify achievement of cooperative society due to the geographical location of most members that comprises society with respect to the time allocated for the study being short and level of illiteracy in Okigwe Local Government Area. So the cooperative as a study should be geared towards providing the members information on the total from where the cooperative will be meeting in the Okigwe Local Government Area.

1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

This research is tend to answer question like:

Does cooperative access the performance of cooperatives financing and rural development in Nigeria?
Do the identify the aims and objectives of establishing cooperative financing and rural development in Nigeria?
Are they really benefiting from joining the CTIS?
If “Yes” what are those benefit of joining CTIS?

All these questions will be answered in chapter four (4).

1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The major problems facing Nigeria today are the needed to transform her rural communities which are predominately farmers in order to enable her met the social and economics balancing created by lopsided development between her rural and urban areas. This state of affairs has been attributed to lack of an appreciation of the important roles cooperative play in bringing about rural development of the country.

The study of cooperative financing and rural development is important for the following reasons:

They offer the most favourable avenue for government to reach the rural areas and effect their transformation.
They can be successfully used in mobilizing group for community projects.

The research is relevant to the government and policy makers on rural development who are still on the lookout for a better option for financing rural development. It would also be of relevance to study this topic for research purpose.

1.7 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

In the process of this research, in adequate funds have been one of the limiting factors that the work faced. Much money was incurred in the distribution of the questionnaire as well as personal interview attitude of the fraction within the vicinity.

Again time allocate for these research work was very short via-avis the areas of the study.

1.9 DEFINITION OF TERMS

Rural Development: This is defined as the change process that influences positively the lots of the rural area. The effect of the people themselves is united with those of government authorities to improve economic, social and interpret these areas in the life fully to nation progress.
Rural Areas: This is an area having a population of not more than 300,000 and where the major economic activities is farming or little above subsistence level.
Cooperative Finance: This is concerned with the supplies of funds for the operation and the running of cooperative activities.
Investment: This acquisition of durable productive facilities either financial or physical undertaken in the exception of future gains.
Cooperative: This is an organization owned and managed by private individuals for the benefits of those using the services.

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