Full Project – Design and implementation of online departmental clearance system

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CHAPTER ONE

1.0       INTRODUCTION

Clearance is a status granted individuals, typically members of the military, university, Polytechnic graduates and employees of governments and their contractors, allowing them access to classified information, i.e. state secrets. The term “clearance” is also sometimes used in private organizations that have a formal process to vet employees for access to sensitive information. A clearance by itself is normally not sufficient to gain access; the organization must determine that the cleared individual has a “need to know” the information. No one is supposed to be granted access to classified information solely because of rank or position, but once a clearance is obtained, access to certain information or gain of freedom will be granted. As many universities have choosing to pursue the dynamic educational options available online. The advantages of e-learning are many. As people of all ages and backgrounds become increasingly reliant on the internet for information, online learning becomes more convenient and efficient here the need for an online clearance system. The skills needed to access and comprehend information online are becoming commonplace, and the flexibility of wireless computing means that any coffee shop, airport or bedroom can become a classroom. Online courses, registrations, clearance have few, if any scheduling restrictions, well-integrated learning resources and competitive degree options, with an online clearance system.

The changing online college landscape now includes online clearance system, traditional undergraduate and general studies programs. However, career learning is still the most popular online training option.

1.1       BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The retrieving, processing, is a task that is true consuming in many schools. Reducing manual labour has inspired many scientists into inventing or proffering better and quicker ways of handling Student’s records in the department for easy accessibility and retrieval.

The computer science department is not an exception for these reasons; its student’s records files need to be enhanced for a faster accessibility of student records history of students when the need arises. This is a faster means and it will involve a routine nature of processing that are associated with speed accuracy, efficiency that will fasten decision making when provided to the detective.

Due to the problems found to be associated with manual be student record keeping such as delays in interviewing file and lost of data, as a result of calls for a more advanced and more relevant way of keeping them, then the filling system was introduced. This was compared by the problem of space that the files do occupy in the cabinet.

1.2       AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The objective of this project includes:

• To effectively and efficiently process students clearance
• To provide a reliable and transparent system devoid of personal inclinations and interest
• To provide borderless access
• To ensure prompt clearance
• To alleviate the problems and stress of travelling and queuing up of students during clearance.

1.3       SCOPE OF THE STUDY

This research work is limited to clearance system for graduating computer science department students from Nasarawa State Polytechnic lafia. The software developed will be carried out using HTML, PHP, JAVASCRIPT, CSS and MYSQL to manage both the database and at the same time make the software online.

1.4       SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The project work will help in a good number of ways to ease the queuing system in the university as the online clearance system will help students to achieve what ever they want to achieve without coming to the various offices for clearance.

Clear advantages of Internet information processing over those of traditional manual system are higher yields. Departmental online clearance system allows the users to check their clearance status as whether they are in any way indebted to the school, fill and submit their clearance form, and obtain their clearance letter. There are many other advantages of online departmental clearance system and some of them are listed below.

• It saves a lot of time.
• It is very convenient to use it right from the bedroom, office or anywhere in the World.
• Information processing are very fast and delays can be avoided.
• It is inexpensive to students and school management.
• Help the school in reducing costs such as labour and stationary.

1.5       DEFINITION OF TERMS

Computer Network: Computer Network is a system that connects two or

more computers together using a communication link.

World Wide Web: World Wide Web simply called www is the most

important tool of the Internet. It was created in the late

1980s in Europe and was used limitedly in academic

cycle.

Clearance:     Official certification of blamelessness, trustworthiness,

                                    or suitability for graduation and issue of certificates in

                                    degree and HND courses.

Databases:     A systematically arranged collection of computer data,

structured so that it can be automatically retrieved or

manipulated. It is also called databank.

File Transfer:  Any kind of computer file can be sent via the Internet

from one Internet user to another. Table of accounts on

spreadsheets, design by a graphic artists, music sound

files etc, can all be exchanged in this way.

Web Brower: This is a special kind of software that processes hypertext

make-up language (HTML) document. In other words, a

web browser is a computer program that interprets HTML

command to collect, arranged and display the parts of a

web page.

Web Site:       A website is a collection of many interconnected web pages

organized by a specific college, organization company etc,

containing web pages (good and commodities) on the Internet.

Web site are stored on web servers. There are many web site and

thousand of HTML pages on each web site. A web site is a

treasure of information and entertainment.

Hyperlinks:   Hyperlinks are highlighted words and phrase you find on web

documents that you can click on as to jump to some other

documents or Internet services.

Online:           Connected via a computer attached to or available via a central

computer network.

Offline:           Disconnected from computer network; describes a computer

terminal or peripheral device disconnected from a computer

network.

System:          Set of computer components that is, an assembling of hardware,

software and peripherals functioning together.

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Full Project – Design and implementation of online departmental clearance system