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Full Project – Design and implementation of a web-based repository for undergraduate projects

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CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 INTRODUCTION

Timely information retrieval is crucial in decision making to companies, businesses, governments, and even individuals. Before the advent of the internet and databases, various manual procedures and facilities existed for information storage and retrieval. However, these procedures and facilities had specific drawbacks which marred the whole process of information storage and retrieval but because of the technological advancement and evolution as well as intensive research by notable computer scientists in the field of information storage and retrieval, better and more efficient procedures and facilities have been unraveled which has resulted to the simplification and speed of information storage and retrieval. Also, this implies better and faster decision making.

A digital library (DL) can be thought of in terms of its physical counterpart, with the exception that a DL can include things that a physical library cannot such as algorithms, programs and other digital works that cannot be easily expressed on paper (Fox and Sornil, 2003). Following from DLs, a digital repository is a collection of digital objects, but, as proposed by Heery and Anderson (2005), differs from other digital collections in that the architecture of the repository allows for the management of the content as well as the metadata related to the content and that content can be deposited into the repository by distributed parties (Heery and Anderson, 2005).

Storage facilities may hold aggregations of learning things as a circulation focus may store books, or they could hold collections of information about learning articles as a library record may hold portrayals about books. Storage facilities offer parts to bolster the disclosure, exchange and re-usage of learning articles (Richards et al, 2002). A repository for undergraduate projects in the department of Computer science and Informatics (CSI) will provide a user the ability to browse the project catalog and search through by the student name, project topic or year of project submission.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The process of storage and retrieval of undergraduate projects in the department should be secure and timely so that potential graduates in the department could know the topics that research has been carried out on, the area of concentration of the research done and the extent to which the researcher stopped. However, project storage and retrieval have been done manually and physically over the years in contrast to other world class schools and departments who have upgraded to digital means. The former implies limited and untimely access to project resources, risks of damage in case of fire incidence or water. On the average, searching of projects in the current system is very hectic and slow due to the quantity of projects and limited human effort. Also, access to projects can be delayed due to the official procedures and protocols involved in the process. Developing and using a CSI project repository which is web based, the department can eliminate these restrictions to timely and efficient access of project information.

1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES

The aim of this study is to design and implementation of a web-based repository for undergraduate projects of Computer Science and Informatics department, Federal University, Otuoke. This will be achieved by the following objectives:

To design a web-based repository

To implement the design in (i) using PHP and MySQL.

To evaluate the proposed system in (i).

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

A key function of this research is that the CSI repository provides a unique storage identifier for every object, therefore making it feasible with the aid of the search module incorporation into the web-based repository application to efficiently search, discover and retrieve objects (projects) from its database. Both staff and student will benefit from this feature in that one can easily search for a project by the project name, student name or year. The office in charge of keeping and handling undergraduate projects will now have better support for storage of graduates’ projects and easy retrieval on request.

The CSI repository could also serve as an educational environment for many internet users and researchers. It will encourage researchers to take up further research on a subject matter (like a project) and thereby add to the body of knowledge. This repository also covers authors of the projects and because it clearly attributes the student name (author) to its content.

1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

This study only takes undergraduate projects of the Department of Computer Science and Informatics (CSI), Federal University, Otuoke into regard. A single material (like a project) will contain only the project topic, student name, abstract and the year of project submission. A user will only be able to search the project catalog for a project either by the project topic, student name, keyword and year of submission. The CSI repository will be only accessible online (for instance, with an active internet connection and with the aid of a browser) and cannot be accessed offline, except when installed on a computer with an active server application and a MySQL database application. Projects cannot be downloaded for offline usage or access.

1.6 DEFINITION OF TERMS

Learning Objects: In the context of this research, a learning-object-is-a-resource with a clear educational-application. It is in digital form – examples: A Microsoft Word Document or a PDF document.

Catalog: This research applies the word ‘catalog’ as a container that presents all the CSI projects logged/stored in an organized tabular format, showing relevant information about each project. It can be compared to a library catalog containing all the information about books – their titles, author, number of pages, published year, ISBN etc.

Repository: A repository (in this case; CSI repository) is an archive, storehouse or container that allows storage, cataloging, accessing all CSI undergraduate projects and thesis, and viewing each object’s content.

Identifier: An identifier is simply a unique identity attached to one object, it aids referencing such object directly when its identifier is requested. An identifier can be a serial number, identity number (also written as ‘ID’) or an index number.

Object: An object in the context of this research refers to a project record returned by a database query using an Object Oriented Programming (OOP) approach. An object (i.e. a project record) returns or contains the project topic, student name, abstract, year of project submission and the date and time the object record was created.

Database: A database is a repository that allows storage, retrieval and manipulation of data. A database can be used efficiently with the aid of a Database Management System (DBMS) – a set of tools that allow storage, access, retrieval and maintenance of data stored in a database, examples of DBMS include XAMPP, WAMP, LAMP and AppServ to mention a few. A database understands only the Structured Query Language (SQL) which is used to communicate with it, popular databases used by well-known Information Technology (IT) firms include are MySQL, Oracle and Django DB.

Web-Browser: A web-browser, -internet-browser-or-browser-is-software program that interprets the codes written in markup languages in graphic and visual (like images, text, audio or animation) form. This allows users to easily request and access a website or to search for information through a search engine (either Google, Ask, Bing and AOL among others).

Keyword: A phrase or just one word that is used to search for a certain result or set of results.

User: A user is system, application, request or person that can use a computer or software to perform a specific task.

Metadata: A set of data that describes and gives information about other data.

Dataset: A collection of related game plans of information that is made out of disengaged segments however can be controlled as a unit by a PC.

Relational Database: A database composed to see association among relations of information delineates tables from which data can be gotten to or reassembled in different courses without rearranging the database tables.

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