Full Project – The impact of manpower planning on organizational productivity

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CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1. Background to the Study

The major objective of every organisation is to increase its productivity, and this is determined by the abilities and competences of its workforce. Manpower is the total number of all available workers in an organization. The role and importance of manpower in the long term viability of any business or enterprises cannot be overemphasized. Manpower is the basis of all resources used and it is the indispensable means of converting other resources to mankind’s use and benefits, so how well we develop and employ human resources skills is fundamental in deciding how much will be accomplished as an organization and as a nation as a whole; manpower development and utilization is of utmost importance to any sector, as it deals with how best to keep employees comfortable in their jobs, up-to-date, resourceful and versatile; this is expected to ensure optimal and continual performance of their assigned roles in an efficient and effective manner. The above is very important given the nature of human existence in the contemporary times (Ajieh, 2014).

Manpower planning is highly indispensable in the achievement of organizational objectives. Basically, manpower planning involves applying the planning process to human resources in the organization. Ojohwoh (2011) posit that manpower occupies an indispensable position in any establishment, be it an industry, commercial or educational institution. Onah (2014) says what sets most successful organization apart is how they manage human resources. The role of personnel planning is inevitable, as many organisations have come to realize that planning remains the only medium for improving productivity and ensuring work standard.

There is no doubt that in this advanced age of development and technological breakthrough, manpower must be properly planned to meet the challenges of modern technology. This is the essential ingredient for efficiency and effectiveness in Dangote Cement PLC. To validate this assertion, Bulla and Scot (1994) has shown that manpower planning entails the process for ensuring that the human resource requirements of an organization are identified and plans are made for satisfying those requirements. Schein (1997) noted that the more complex organization become, the more they will be vulnerable to human error.

There are a number of factors that contribute to the success of any organization such as capital, equipment, manpower etc. Thus, due attention should be given by such organizations in order to achieve organizational goals and objectives.In Nigeria, many organizations have been deficient in their operations and the overall effectiveness due to improper human resource planning.

Dangote cement PLC is Dangote Cement Plc is a Nigerian multinational publicly traded cement manufacturer. To effectively perform its function, it requires proper human resource planning.

1.2. Statement of the Research Problem

The importance of manpower planning has no doubt been recognized in many organisations as the key factor for improved productivity. A systematic approach to human resource planning is needed to ensure that the organization is made up of the right people, in the right place, at the right time to deliver high quality services.

Like many organization in Nigeria in which Dangote cement PLC is not an exception, face the challenges of attracting and retaining skilled and valuable employees. This has made the need for effective planning of human resource in an organization the most valuable assets.

Apart from the above, it was also observed that there is a paucity of data base needed for manpower planning, more emphasis is placed on the traditional personnel management functions like recruitments, placement, wages, administration, discipline and employee welfare at the detriment of manpower development. Moreover, workers are not deployed based on the skills acquired during the training. Some of the staff that has benefitted or sent at all for training, with all the financial resources incurred on the government name, have not been given the opportunity or placed in their rightful places according to the relevant training received. This has also been a very big problem as it leads to frustration and general inefficiency.

It is against this backdrop that the researcher considers the impact of manpower planning on organizational productivity, a case study of Dangote cement PLC.

1.3. Objectives of the study

The general objective of the study is to evaluate the impact of manpower planning on organizational productivity, a case study of Dangote cement PLC. The specific objectives are to:

1. examine the nature of manpower planning in Dangote cement PLC.
2. examine the effect of manpower planning on productivity in Dangote cement PLC.
3. identify the challenges facing manpower planning in Dangote cement PLC.

1.4. Research Questions

The study seeks to answer the following questions:

1. What is the nature of manpower planning in Dangote cement PLC?
2. What is the effect of manpower planning on productivity in Dangote cement PLC?
3. What are the challenges facing manpower planning in Dangote cement PLC?

1.5 Research Hypotheses

The study is guided by the following hypotheses:

H₀:    There is no significant relationship between manpower planning and productivity in Dangote cement PLC.

1.6. Significance of the Study

Efficiency and effectiveness are the major goals of any organisation and this may not be achieved without recognizing the role of manpower planning. This is because an inadequately plannedmanpower is completely useless to the full achievement of the organizational goals. This applies to manufacturing sector in general and Dangote Cement PLC in particular.

This study is essential in discovering the relevance and impact of manpower planning on productivity in Dangote Cement PLC. This study will be important to Dangote Cement PLC, as it will help guide the management of Dangote Cement PLC on how it can operate, treat its workers, help to know the kind and level of manpower needed. It will teach it the importance of manpower planning and the necessary guide of attaining manpower. It will also help the management get maximum value from the employees.

It is hoped that the exploration of Dangote Cement PLC will provide a broad view of the operations of the cement manufacturing industry to investors and government. This study will be of benefit to;

The Academia: members of the academia will find the study relevant as it will also form basis for further research and a reference tool for academic works.

Government: this study will reveal to the government happenings in the manufacturing industry. Formulation and implementation of policies based on this findings would ensure development in the industry.

Investors: investors especially those who may have research interest as it shall guide their private investment decisions.

This study at the end will enlighten the management of the company on the implication of manpower planning.

1.6. Scope of the Study

The study is focused on impact of manpower planning on organizational productivity, a case study of Dangote cement PLC in 2019 using staff workers. Dangote Cement Plc is a Nigerian multinational publicly traded cement manufacturer headquartered in Lagos.

1.7. Operational Definition of Terms

The following terms have been defined operationally.

• Manpower: the total number of all available workers; the workforce.This implied the total number of pensionable employees of Dangote Cement PLC.
• Planning: is the process managers use to identify and select appropriate goals and courses of action of an organization.
• Human resource management: is the way organizations manage their staff and help them to develop in order to be able to execute organizations’ missions and goals successfully. It relates to the way Dangote Cement PLC manages its staffs.
• Human resource planning: is defined as a rational approach to effective recruitment, retention and deployment of people within an organization.

1.9 Organisation of the Study

This study is divided into five chapters. Chapter one is introduction which consists of the background to the study, statement of problem, research questions, research  hypotheses,  objectives  of  the study, the  significance  of  the  study,   the scope  and  limitations  of  the  study  and  finally the  organization of the study. Chapter two deals with the literature review which consists of the conceptual literature, theoretical literature, empirical literature, theoretical framework. Chapter three gives the research methodology including research design, population of study, sample size, sampling technique, method of data collection, instrument of data analysis, method of data analysis, validity/reliability of instrument.  Chapter four is presentation and analysis of data, discussion of findings. Chapter five gives the summary, conclusion and recommendations.

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Full Project – The impact of manpower planning on organizational productivity