Project – BIBLICAL EXAMINATION OF CHURCH OWNERSHIP, LEADERSHIP, PLANTING AND ADMINISTRATION

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

• Background to the Study

The concept of church ownership, leadership, planting, and administration is deeply rooted in the Bible. The New Testament, in particular, provides a blueprint for how the early church was structured and operated. In Acts 2:42-47, the early church is depicted as a community of believers who devoted themselves to the apostles’ teaching, fellowship, breaking of bread, and prayer. They shared their possessions, met together regularly, and grew in number daily. This communal model of church ownership and administration is often cited as the ideal for modern churches to emulate (Hull, 2016).

Leadership in the church, according to the Bible, is not about power or control but about service and sacrifice. Jesus himself set the example in Mark 10:45, stating that he came not to be served but to serve. The apostle Paul, in his letters to Timothy and Titus, outlined the qualifications and responsibilities of church leaders, emphasizing character, ability to teach, and willingness to serve (1 Timothy 3:1-7; Titus 1:5-9). These passages have been foundational in shaping the leadership structure of many churches today (Stott, 1996).

Church planting, as seen in the New Testament, was a strategic and intentional effort by the apostles to spread the gospel. Paul, in particular, made it his mission to plant churches in key cities throughout the Roman Empire (Romans 15:20). His strategy involved evangelism, discipleship, and the appointment of local leaders to oversee the new churches (Acts 14:21-23). This model of church planting has been widely adopted and adapted by mission organizations and church planters today (Hesselgrave, 2005).

The administration of the church, according to the Bible, involves the wise stewardship of resources, the care for the needs of the congregation, and the facilitation of ministry. In Acts 6:1-7, the apostles appointed seven men to oversee the distribution of food to the widows in the church, freeing the apostles to focus on prayer and the ministry of the word. This division of labor and delegation of responsibilities is a key principle in church administration (Bickers, 1999).

However, it is important to note that while the Bible provides principles and examples for church ownership, leadership, planting, and administration, it does not prescribe a one-size-fits-all model. The cultural, historical, and contextual differences between the first-century church and the modern church necessitate thoughtful and prayerful adaptation of these biblical principles (Guder, 1998).

The Bible provides a rich resource for understanding church ownership, leadership, planting, and administration. Its principles and examples have shaped and continue to shape the way churches are structured and operated today. However, the application of these principles requires discernment and flexibility, taking into account the unique context of each church (Grenz, 2000).

• Statement of the Problem

The problem of church ownership, leadership, planting, and administration is a complex issue that has been examined from various perspectives, yet it remains a contentious topic in the contemporary Christian community. The Bible provides a wealth of information on these subjects, but interpretations often vary, leading to differing practices and beliefs among denominations and individual churches (Banks & Banks, 2005).

One of the primary issues is the question of church ownership. The Bible does not explicitly address the concept of property ownership in the context of the church, leading to a variety of interpretations. Some argue that the church belongs to God and therefore cannot be owned by any individual or group, while others believe that the church, as a physical entity, can be owned by an individual, a group, or a denomination (Hull, 2016).

Leadership in the church is another area of contention. The New Testament provides examples of various leadership structures, including a plurality of elders, single pastors, and apostolic leadership. However, the application of these models in the modern church is often a subject of debate. Some argue for a hierarchical structure, while others advocate for a more egalitarian approach (Grenz, 1993).

Church planting, the process of establishing new local churches, is also a topic of discussion. While the Bible provides examples of church planting, it does not provide a specific model or method. This has led to a variety of church planting strategies, some of which are more effective than others. The lack of a clear biblical model for church planting can lead to confusion and ineffective strategies (Stetzer & Im, 2016).

Administration in the church is another area where the Bible provides principles but not specific models. The New Testament speaks to the importance of good stewardship, accountability, and the use of spiritual gifts in the administration of the church. However, the application of these principles in the modern church can be challenging, particularly in larger churches or those with complex organizational structures (Barna, 1993).

The biblical examination of church ownership, leadership, planting, and administration presents a complex problem with many differing interpretations and applications. Further study and dialogue are needed to develop a more unified understanding of these issues within the Christian community (Banks & Banks, 2005).

• Aim and Objectives of the Study

The aim of the study is to examine Biblical examination of church ownership, leadership, planting and administration.  The specific objectives are:

1. To critically examine the biblical perspective on church ownership, leadership, planting, and administration.
2. To analyze the principles and guidelines provided in the Bible concerning the establishment and management of churches.
3. To identify the roles and responsibilities of church leaders as outlined in the Bible, with a focus on their implications for church planting and administration.
4. To explore the biblical teachings on church ownership, investigating how these teachings influence the structure and governance of modern churches.

• Research Questions

The research questions are buttressed below:

1. What does the Bible say about church ownership, leadership, planting, and administration?
2. What principles and guidelines does the Bible provide concerning the establishment and management of churches?
3. What are the roles and responsibilities of church leaders as outlined in the Bible, and how do these roles impact church planting and administration?
4. How do biblical teachings on church ownership influence the structure and governance of modern churches?

• Research Hypothesis

The hypothetical statement of the study is buttressed below:

Ho: Biblical perspective has no significant impact on church ownership, leadership, planting, and administration.

H1: Biblical perspective has significant impact on church ownership, leadership, planting, and administration

• Significance of the Study

The study of church ownership, leadership, planting, and administration from a biblical perspective is significant for several reasons. Firstly, it provides a theological foundation for understanding the structure and function of the church. The Bible, as the primary source of Christian doctrine, offers insights into how the early church was organized and managed. This understanding can guide modern churches in their organizational structures, ensuring they align with biblical principles.

Secondly, the study of church ownership from a biblical perspective helps to clarify the concept of stewardship. In the Bible, the church is often referred to as the ‘body of Christ’, implying that it is not owned by any individual or group, but by God Himself. This understanding can influence how church resources are managed, promoting a culture of accountability and responsible stewardship.

Thirdly, examining leadership within the church through a biblical lens is crucial. The Bible provides numerous examples of leadership, from Moses leading the Israelites out of Egypt to Jesus’ servant leadership. These examples can serve as models for church leaders today, promoting a leadership style that is humble, servant-oriented, and God-fearing.

The fourth significance lies in the study of church planting. The New Testament, particularly the book of Acts, provides a blueprint for church planting. It details how the apostles, led by the Holy Spirit, established churches across different regions. This biblical model can guide modern church planters, providing them with strategies and principles that are rooted in Scripture.

Fifthly, the administration of the church is another area where a biblical examination is beneficial. The Bible provides guidelines on various administrative aspects, such as the appointment of elders and deacons, the handling of church finances, and the resolution of disputes within the church. These guidelines can help modern churches in their administrative functions, ensuring they are conducted in a manner that is transparent, fair, and in accordance with biblical principles.

Lastly, the study of these aspects from a biblical perspective is significant because it promotes a Christ-centered approach to church management. It reminds churches that their ultimate goal is not organizational efficiency or growth, but the glorification of God and the advancement of His kingdom. This perspective can help churches maintain their focus on their primary mission, even as they navigate the practical challenges of church ownership, leadership, planting, and administration.

• Scope of the Study

The study examines the Biblical examination of Church ownership, leadership, planting and administration. The study is limited to selected Pentecostal Churches in Lagos, Nigeria.

• Operational Definition of Terms

1. Biblical Examination: This refers to the process of studying and interpreting the Bible to understand its teachings and principles. It involves a careful and systematic study of the Scripture to comprehend its meaning, context, and application. In the context of church ownership, leadership, planting, and administration, biblical examination would involve understanding what the Bible says about these aspects and how they should be implemented in the church setting.
2. Church Ownership: This term refers to who holds the property rights and responsibilities of the church. In some denominations, the church property might be owned by the congregation, while in others, it might be held by a central organization or a board of trustees. The concept of church ownership can also extend to the spiritual ownership, referring to who is responsible for the spiritual well-being and direction of the church.
3. Leadership: In a church context, leadership refers to those who have been given the responsibility to guide, direct, and shepherd the congregation. This can include pastors, elders, deacons, and other church leaders. Leadership in the church is often seen as a calling and is characterized by service, humility, and a commitment to following the teachings of the Bible.
4. Planting: Church planting is the process of starting and establishing new local churches. It’s often initiated by a mother church or a church planting organization with the goal of spreading the Gospel and reaching new people in different communities or regions. The process involves gathering a team, developing a vision, finding a location, and nurturing the new congregation to maturity.
5. Administration: This refers to the management of church affairs. It includes tasks like planning and organizing church activities, managing finances, maintaining church facilities, and coordinating volunteers. Good administration is crucial for the smooth running of the church and for ensuring that its resources are used effectively for its mission.

Project – BIBLICAL EXAMINATION OF CHURCH OWNERSHIP, LEADERSHIP, PLANTING AND ADMINISTRATION