Full Project – FACTORS AFFECTING THE PERFORMANCE OF ACCOUNTING STUDENTS IN JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL
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ABSTRACT
The study examined “Factors Affecting the Performance of Accounting Students in Junior Secondary School”. The research design was a survey design. The population of the study comprised of all the schools within Yaba Local Government Area Lagos. The research used primary sources of data in the course of study. The data were collected via the use of questionnaire. A convenience sampling method was adopted in selecting sample for the study. One hundred and sixty-four questionnaire were administered to five selected schools in which one hundred and twenty-two was returned. Frequency tables was use to analyze the data while the hypothesis was tested using Chi-Square statistics. The findings further revealed that students performed better when they are in a conducive environment that encourages the learning of Accounting. It is recommended that maximum effort should be given to improve the Students’ Performance towards Accounting.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
There is a lot of complexity in the factors that affect how well students do in school, which is why this study is now taking place. Even though there are many factors that can affect how well students do, a number of studies show that institutional factors are linked to academic performance, but not accounting. Accounting is one of the subjects that everyone needs, no matter what their job is. For any business to be successful, it is important to know how to account. Accounting is about learning how to record, analyze, interpret, and summarise the financial data of a business or organization (Ndinechi & Obidile, 2013). Unfortunately, students haven’t done very well in the subject, especially at the post-basic level (secondary schools). There is a level of education called post-basic that is between the basic and tertiary levels where systematic and organized education takes place. At this level of education, it is thought that the recipients would be able to have the right attitude, skills, and knowledge.
No matter the amount of investment, the government puts into education to make sure we are developed scientifically and technologically, it will be a wasted venture if students’ are still been faced by the factors influencing Accounting is negative. This is because Accounting is the language of sciences. Accounting serves as the vehicle of thinking. A real study of science is not possible without the facilities of this fact. Idah (2007) said “as a subject, Accounting is at the base of all the science and environmental professions”. In industry, Accounting is needed for the production of guided missiles and is useful in aerospace technology. In communication, Accounting is also very useful. If one is mathematically literate, on can communicate precisely and present his argument in a logical manner because Accounting helps one in logical thinking. Indeed, there is hardly any field where Accounting is not useful.
Hence, we notice that if Nigerians are to realize their national objective in science and technology, hands must be on deck regarding the study of Accounting in both the primary, secondary and tertiary level of our education. Efforts would be made to improve students’ attitude towards the subject.
The right way to introduce young pupils to Accounting is not to teach Arithmetic, Algebra, Statistics and Geometry as separate branches, each with its own technical apparatus and methods. The ideal thing is to treat Accounting as a science in which the topics are chosen so as to develop a grasp of mathematical idea. Therefore, the early stage of Accounting teaching is very important since the pupils’ future performance in the subject depends on how well he performs at this stage. Accounting is a way of thinking about pattern and relationship of numbers and shapes. It includes arithmetic, algebra, geometry, statistics and trigonometry.
Accounting in general is linked with the development of any nation in the world. Accounting as a discipline, opens and shuts more doors for men and women than any other content area we have got (Bolaji, 2005). Whether it’s in science, engineering or technology, it is tremendously important that a person be well-armed with Accounting if they are going to have options in life (Bramlett and Herron, 2009). Accounting is one of the core subjects to be offered to all students till the tertiary levels of education (Ernest, 2004).
Most employers in Nigeria expect a job – seeking school leaver in financial corporation to have passed Accounting, Mathematics and English language, among other subjects at ordinary level. This compulsory nature of Accounting carries with it the assumption that the knowledge of the subject is essential for all members of our society. In Nigeria, Accounting competence is a critical determinant of the Post-Secondary educational and career options available to young people (Barrow and Woods, 2006).
Affective factors such as attitudes also have profound impact on students’ Accounting achievement. Karp (2001) in a comparative study of factors influencing Accounting achievement found out that there is a direct link between Students’ Performances towards Accounting and student outcomes. Jaji (2002) supports this by propounding that resource shortage, teacher quality, poor teaching, repeated subject failure, peer influence, inadequacy of textbooks, cultural background and language also contribute to poor performance in Accounting.
Attitudes towards Accounting include liking, enjoying and interest in Accounting, or the opposite, and at worst Accounting phobia (Ernest, 1989). This means that the students have to like Accounting, enjoy the activities performed in Accounting and have interest at heart for Accounting. On the other hand, attitudes play an important role on students’ Accounting achievement. Those who lack confidence in Accounting academic skills envision a low grade before the beginning of an examination (Adesokan, (2002).
1.2 Statement of the Problems
Despite the relative importance of Accounting, it is very disappointing to note that the student’s performance in the subject in both internal and external examinations has remained consistently poor (Bolaji, 2005). Accounting educators have put up noble and spirited efforts aimed at identifying the major problems associated with learning of Accounting in the nation’s schools. Despite all these noble efforts, the problem of poor achievement in Accounting has continued to rear its head in the nation’s public examinations and Accounting is part of it.
Adesokan (2002) asserted that in spite of the recognition given Accounting, it is evident that students still show negative attitude towards Accounting thereby leading to poor performance. Bolaji (2005) in a study of the influence of Students’ Performance towards Accounting found out that the teachers’ method of Accounting teaching and his personality greatly accounted for the students’ positive attitude towards Accounting.
1.3 Aims and Objectives of the study
This research work seeks to study Factors Affecting the Performance of Accounting Students in Junior Secondary School and the objectives of this study include to:
- Examine the influence of classroom environment on Students’ Performances towards Accounting.
- Examine the effect of teachers’ personality and behavior on Students’ Performances towards Accounting.
- Ascertain the effect of gender differences on Students’ Performances towards Accounting
- Examine the effect of social background on Students’ Performances towards the learning of Accounting
1.4 Relevant Research Questions
The study provides answers to the following questions:
- How does classroom environment and students learning style influence on Students’ Performances towards Accounting?
- What are the effect of teachers’ personality and behavior on Students Performance towards Accounting?
- How does gender differences affect Students’ Performances towards Accounting?
- How does social background influence Students’ Performances towards the learning of Accounting?
1.5 Relevant Research Hypothesis
The following hypothesis were developed for the study:
- Ho: There is no significant relationship between the performance of students and the learning of Accounting.
H1: There is significant relationship between the performance of students and the learning of Accounting.
1.6 Scope and Limitation of the Study
The work examines Factors Affecting the Performance of Accounting Students in Junior Secondary School. The study is limited to the five selected schools in Yaba Local Government Area in Lagos State, namely: Regan; Memorial Baptist Girls Secondary School, Sabo-Yaba; Methodist Girls High School, Yaba, Lagos; Morroco Junior High School, Igbobi, Yaba; St. Finbarrs High School, Akoka, Yaba and Western College, Yaba Lagos.
1.7 Significance of the Study
The significance of the study are stated below:
The school administrators may use findings from the study to understand the prime factors affecting Students’ Performances toward learning of Accounting in secondary school. Also aid teachers to identify deficiencies and limitations as regards the teaching and learning of Accounting and make necessary adjustment where necessary. Again, the study enables secondary school principals to be able to plan systematically for staff retention that enhance Students’ Performance towards the learning of Accounting. Other stakeholders of education (parents, students, teachers, support staff, donors) use the findings of the study as a checkpoint to happenings of the same nature. Finally, the study alerts the students on both positive and negative effects of attitude and perception towards Accounting at the present level and future career.
1.8 Operational Definition of Terms
Attitude: A predisposition or a tendency to respond positively or negatively towards a certain idea, object, person, or situation.
Classroom: A room or place especially in a school in which classes are conducted.
Environment: Environment (systems), the surroundings of a physical system that may interact with the system by exchanging mass, energy, or other properties.
Influence: Influence is the action or process of producing effects on the actions, behavior, opinions, etc., of another or others.
Accounting: The study of the measurement, properties, and relationships of quantities and sets, using numbers and symbols.
Student: A person formally engaged in learning, especially one enrolled in a school or college; pupil.
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Full Project – FACTORS AFFECTING THE PERFORMANCE OF ACCOUNTING STUDENTS IN JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL