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Full Project – Cooperative society as an instrument of rural development

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CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

The early history of cooperative shows that cooperative was borne out of the extreme weight of poverty exploitation and the widening gap between the rich and the poor.

In 1933, the main aim of colonial government was to organize cocoa farmers in western Nigeria into registered group for the purpose of increasing production, processing and marketing products which is for government. Then the government of Nigeria registered an expert in cooperative, Mr. C.F.R. Strickland, to advice on the possibility of introducing cooperative society in Nigeria. This request is what brought about the development, growth in economic resources and in production, but more importantly in life improvement, confidence, skills and ability to consistently improve in the conditions of their own lives, for themselves and for the future generation, because “there is no development without the development of the people. (Ex-president NYERE of TANZANIA) said that development is creation of wealth and the system by which the newly created wealth is utilized and distributed efficiently and equitably particularly among communal products who are spring board of raw material production.

They ensure reasonable level of re-investment and provide in operating reasonable environment of security and continuity. The community which is seen as a master system embracing endent subsidiary system comprising:

People
Place
Time and
Social organization

(Frankenbergs)

Community development is the process by which the efforts of the people themselves are united with those of government authorities to improve the economic, social and cultural conditions of communities in order to integrate them in the life of the nation and enable them contribute fully to national progress (United Nation).

It is therefore, that self-help, self reliance, in future of community development.

For this vital component to be cultivated and used, people have to be made to great extent possible by the most directly concerned in their outcome.

For reasonable precise development to occur, change is desirable and necessary:

Change in attitude and behaviour
Change in working process, procedures and tools
Change in system of production and distribution etc.

These changes should preferable to occur within the community as an expression of natural interest and concern and mutual aspiration (Bottomely 1980: 7).

Finally, it is worth repeating here the development is really about improving the conditions of people and enhancing their dignity and abilities as human beings, have the process of development can only take place with the people, cooperation and commitment cooperative ideas, institutions is one favoured means.

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

From the onset of human existence, it has been found out that occasions have risen that necessitate people coming together organizing themselves in a cooperative manner towards reaching an end.

This fact clears the assertion that cooperation had never existed before the inception of the modern day cooperative societies.

The fundamental issue in Nigeria is the way and manner to achieve rural development and breath away from the vicious cycle of under-development in the regard, a lot of strategies have been adopted, one which is the formation and efficient management of cooperative movement in Nigeria after the C..F.R. Strickland report which led to the enactment of the 1935 cooperative society act takes a gradual improvement.

Since the cocoa marketing societies to the cooperative thrift and credit societies introduce in other parts of the country, cooperative movement has witnessed a tremendous growth. It is new more apparent than ever before that cooperative are not merely social units that exist at the merely of a paternal government, but are forms of business, which aim at being viable economic units. Indeed, cooperative of community development was brought about the recognition of cooperative system.

Finally, the present federal and state government recognized cooperative societies as best instrument or improving economic and social conditions of people. For example, the federal economic advancement programmed (FEAP) and the Family Support Programmes (FSP) at the federal level; both have motivated the formation of several registered primary cooperative societies across the nation.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Cooperative societies formation and effective democratic control and management have been regarded as a vehicle through which some of the problems community people can easily be dealt with:

Some of these problems include:

Poor standard of living
Lack of infrastructural facilities
Illiteracy
The individual concern for community among others. These problem, this throw focus back on the government as if it should be the sole-player to development effort and all others, individuals communities, business organizations and all institution follow it’s dictates and lead without questionnaire and distributions.

The researcher in line with the assertion above looked into the community that comprises Ahiazu Mbaise local government area in Imo State in attempt to assess the level of cooperative business enterprise involvement and distribution to the development of rural area. The data for this study is collected from the primary secondary sources related study text, periodical, thesis and others on the same subject as at January 2010.

1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The problem necessitating the study have been stated. The objective of the study includes the following:

To carry out the study as regard the contributions of cooperative to agricultural and infrastructure provision in development in Ahiazu Mbaise L.G.A in Imo State.
To determine whether cooperative societies have helped in minimizing poverty in Ahiazu Mbaise L.G.A
To determine to what extent cooperative societies have been able to mobile community people to economic and social development at their various communities.
To carryout study on the yearly rate of turnover of cooperative societies in Ahiazu Mbaise L.G.A
Finally, to determine to what extent capital mismanagement and lack of cooperation of the cooperative as an instrument has creates an impact in development of rural area.

1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

What are the contributions of cooperative towards the development of rural area?
How do extension workers assist farmers in the community?
Have cooperative through these means made impact?
What are the challenges cooperative have the role of cooperative help towards the development or rural area?
In what ways have the role of cooperative help towards the development or rural area?
How does cooperative help in agricultural production

1.5 STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESIS

Ho: Cooperative as an instrument has not aided impact in the development of rural area.

Hi: Cooperative as an instrument has aided impact in the development of rural area.

1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study will contribute substantially to already existing knowledge on how cooperative has been an instrument to community or rural development as well as to the general readers on the subject. It will also provide a database for further researchers and would be a useful addition to the material already existing.

Furthermore, its significance will be following:

It will highlight the level of cooperatives, its economic and social development in Ahiazu Mbaise L.G.A
It will give a reasonable answer and eliminate doubts as to know whether cooperative are of any significance to community development, especially the case of Ahiazu Mbaise local government area.
It will guide individual investors who may wish to operate along cooperative lines
The significance of this study is most conspicuous in its service as an aid to government from grassroots level (rural community development) associated with cooperatives in particular and rural development in general.

1.7 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

Generally, this study will cover a brief of the origin of cooperative societies. It will limit itself to the contributions of cooperative societies to rural development.

The study area is united to cooperative societies in Ahiazu Mbaise local government area in Imo State.

The background of the study was based on the brief history of cooperative in Nigeria, and on the historical background of different cooperative in Ahiazu Mbaise local government and to offer possible suggestion to the problems.

1.8 LIMITATION OF STUDY

It is probable that information to be given in this study will not be beyond the scope of the study and particularly the existing cooperative societies in Mbaise local government area in Imo State.

Due to financial constraint, the researcher could not broaden the study is to be covered and crisis situation in the case study area (Mbaise local government) to some extent affected the sourcing of primary (direct data for this study).

1.9 DEFINITION OF TERMS

In the course of this study, a lot of terms will be interpreted to meet the definition this section.

Cooperative society: This is an association of persons who have voluntarily joint together to achieve a common and through the formation of democratically controlled organization, making equitable, contribution to capital required and accepting a fair risk benefits of the understating in which the member actively participate.

Registered cooperative society: This is a cooperative society registered under the eastern Nigeria cooperative societies law and rules, (Lap 28, 1963, thereby acquiring the authority to operate.

iii. Cooperatives: Cooperatives is used for the purpose of this study to represent registered cooperative society.

Population: This refers to the entire group under this study.

Population sample: This is a small group having all the characteristics of the population or judgment about the entire population based
Stratified sampling: It is a method of providing the population into subgroups, using such basic as a sex and occupation

vii. Rural areas: Rural areas are places with less than 20,000 people. However, rural area refers to “geographic area away from large settlement and town, which is inhabited by rural people”.

viii. Development: It means humanization or it’s connotes growth or maturation. Development is to make the poor more human, to lift them out of degrading and dehumanization economic oppression, unemployment, health, superstition, ignorance and to give them back a chance to be fully human beings.

Community: It means a group of people who live in a geographical area and have an interest in each other for the purpose of making a living and developing themselves.
x. Rural development: Rural development, according to Bola and Bello, is a process of social action in which people of the community organized themselves for the identification of their needs, planning on how or way to meet those needs with maximum reliance or their own initiative and resources, supplemented with assistance in any, from government and non- government organization (Esenjor, 1992: 3).

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