Full Project – Impact of ghost workers syndrome on the economic development of Nigeria

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CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

• Background to the Study

The ghost workers syndromes have been a menace across all tiers of government for years. Annually, millions of naira is siphoned from government coffers through salary payment to non-existing employees. Who have fraudulently been listed on the payroll system? Some of these employees, (ghost workers) may include retired civil servants, deceased people or pure fictitious names, one major cause is the absence of civil service regulation which allows corrupt civil servants to increase government expenditure through the placement of non-existing employees on the payroll.

The then accountant general of federation, Otunla was recently number of federal government staff is one of the challenges the Nigeria civil service have today. Thus, the manes and numbers that is on government payroll and are paid in unknown may be one have to go to the budget office to extract the documents that can fill the room. But by extract the documents that can fill the room, but by the quantum it is more than 800 billion naira that the civil services pay us salaries per annum. Looking at the budget estimates of the country, despite effort being made by the Kogi state government and the federal government to mop the pension backlog about two trillion naira is still being owed worker due to the excessive cash or salary being paid to non-existing employees, (Constance, 2010).

In addition there are many unresolved problem in Nigeria but the issue of the upsurge of corruption is troubling and the damages it done to the polity are astronomical. The menace of corruption to ghost workers cloning slow movement of files in offices, police extortion, toll gates and slow traffic on the high ways, part congestions and election irregularities among others, Victor (2003).

• Statement of the Problem

The continuous and rapid increase or existence of ghost worker in Kogi state civil service commission and Nigeria is becoming at present a cause for alarm. This trend has generated a lot of interesting concerns, actions and reactions from public and government quarters. The syndromes has provoked a lot of government functionaries, firm, local state and federal government (agencies) aimed at eliminating by finding a possible solution to this syndrome due to the cause and its effect or socio-economic implication on the nation. Although, all the efforts have yielded negligible dividends, but the government agencies are still going on as the syndrome constitutes as serious threat to the government coffer. Since this seems to give rise through corruption, nepotism and favouritism, widely known in Nigeria as “who knows who”. The level of management in Nigeria i.e. the absence of civil service regulation, which allows corrupt civil servant to indirectly increase government expenditure budget through placement of fictitious names, non-existing employees or ghost workers on the payroll which makes the civil service an easy prey or target of this syndrome.

However, these sundry efforts have not yielded the required and anticipated outcome (result as the numbers of an existing employee rises daily.

• Objectives of the Study

The objectives of this study are as follows:

1. To examine the economic implication of ghost workers syndromes in the economic development of Nigeria.
2. To highlight the social implication of ghost workers syndrome on the economic development of Nigeria.

• Research Hypothesis

Ho:    Ghost workers syndrome does not have economic implication on economic development of Nigeria

Hi:    Ghost worker syndromes have economic implication on economic development of Nigeria

Ho:    Ghost worker syndromes do not have social implication on economic development of Nigeria.

Hi:     Ghost workers syndromes have economic implication on economic development of Nigeria.

• Significance of the Study

The findings of this work will provide the basis for further formulation of policies by the government to address the issue of this syndrome in order to curtail its effect on the nation. This would help cut down the rate of its increase and existence which is at present very alarming hoped that this work would contribute to the growing literatures accruing from the various reduction policies on this syndromes.

This work thus, would add to knowledge and serve as to reference materials to those who have interest in carrying out further research on the topic under study in Kogi state particularly and Nigeria at general.

• Scope of the Study

The purpose of this study and the fact that the researcher want to get accurate and reliable information on the occurrence and the alarming rate of the ghost worker syndrome as well as it cause effects on Kogi state civil servants workers.

The researcher focus his attention on Kogi state civil service commission, Lokoja, the study also examines the impact of Ghost worker syndrome on the economic development of Nigeria.

• Limitation and Constraint of the Study

In the process of undergoing this study of the following constraints were encountered

1. Time: the problem of creating a schedule out of the limited that is sourcing for the necessary and required materials or information to be used in the work
2. Financial constraints: it has to do with not being financially buoyant in terms of travelling to source for materials from the area of study

iii.     Access to relevant materials: the problem of having access to relevant materials is due to expensive subscription fees and without this you are denied access to relevant materials

1. Respondents dynamism: due to the dynamic nature of human and the fear of lower cadet, civil servants of letting out internal information to avoid supervision

• Definition Key Terms

Ghost Workers: this refers to the workers in the civil service who are non-existing employees but have their names in the payroll. It includes retired civil servants, deceased people or pure fictitious names.

Syndrome: this is a set of qualified behaviours or plight inculcated by corrupt servants confronting the government of a country and its functionaries.

Menace: an act by civil servant that is dangerous and hazardous or threatening to the legitimacy of government without considering the effects

Biometrics: this refer to machines for uniquely identifying and recognizing human upon one or more intrinsic physical or behavioral traits which are used as a form of identify access management and access control

Payroll: a government or organizational sheet containing the names of employees and the amount of wage each of them is paid

Siphon: is the corrupt cut by civil servant to dishonestly and illegally loot money from government coffers for the purpose it is not meant for.

Corruption: is the illegal means through which civil servants secure wealth, power or private gain at public expense

Coffer: this refers to the amount of money that a government or an organization has available to spend

Budget: is an official financial proposal a government or an organization makes about how much it intended to spend and the taxes will be necessary in a fiscal year. Jonah (1995)

Civil servant: this is the government department charged with the management of a country’s affair

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Full Project – Impact of ghost workers syndrome on the economic development of Nigeria